Algal Microbiome
and Ecophysiology
Marine algae are an evolutionarily and metabolically diverse group of organisms that sustain life in the oceans as major primary producers. Despite their crucial environmental importance, basic aspects of algal biology, physiology and genetics remain unexplored. A key motivation of our work is elucidating fundamental molecular mechanisms controlling how algae interact with their environment and other planktonic microbes in the ocean, how these interactions evolve, and the metabolic processes that govern them.
We employ molecular and cell biology methodologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, proteomics, microscopy, genome mining as well algal physiology. Another key ambition is developing and applying environmental sampling approaches to study natural phytoplankton populations, to better understand the environmental factors controlling them.
Our Research Impacts
Diatom Sensory Mechanisms
One of the most globally abundant phytoplankton taxa are the diatoms. These single-celled microalgae are particularly successful bloom formers. Our recent work has shed important light on how diatoms sense the availability of the crucial phosphorus, which controls diatom growth and productivity in the oceans. This work, published in Current Biology demonstrated a new role for calcium ion (Ca2+) signalling in eukaryotes, for phosphate sensing, which has not previously been described. We also identified that this novel phosphorus-Ca2+ signalling pathway coordinates rapid crosstalk between phosphorus and nitrogen metabolism, maximising diatom competition for two critical nutrients. This work provides vital insight into how diatoms are so successful in rapidly responding to environmental cues such as nutrient supply, to dominate algal bloom formation.
Phytoplankton-bacteria interactions
We are also interested in studying the biotic interactions of phytoplankton with other microbes. A key focus has been examining the role of vitamins in driving synergistic interactions with bacteria. Our work on vitamins in the sea has been featured by the NY Times. We are now broadening these investigations to study antagonistic diatom-bacteria interactions. A recent study isolating naturally-occurring bacterial pathogens of diatoms from the Western English Channel, identified peaks in pathogen detection during demise of a diatom bloom. This work raises important questions regarding impacts of antagonistic bacteria on the health of natural diatom populations. This is particularly pertinent in light of evidence of declining diatom abundances in this productive coastal ecosystem.
Key Publications
Latest Projects
Diatom sensory mechanisms: drivers of global marine productivity – NERC Independent Research Fellowship.
Dissecting the integration of phosphorus and nitrogen nutrition signals in diatoms – BBSRC New Investigator grant.
Our Team
Dr Katherine Helliwell
NERC Independent Research Fellow
Dr Katherine Helliwell
NERC Independent Research Fellow
katherine.helliwell@mba.ac.uk
I am a molecular microbiologist interested in the fundamental biology of photosynthetic marine microbes, which critically underpin marine ecosystems. Following a degree in Biological Sciences at the University of Bristol, I pursued a PhD and postdoc with professor Alison Smith in the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge. During this time my work dissected the role of organic nutrients (vitamins) in governing interactions between phytoplankton and bacteria, and brought significant advances to our understanding in vitamin metabolism in aquatic microbes. After a postdoc at the MBA with Professor Colin Brownlee on algal signalling mechanisms, I was awarded a NERC Independant Research Fellowship and currently hold a joint appointment with the University of Exeter. Our research group couples novel molecular tools with environmental methods to investigate interactions of algae with other marine microbes, algal nutrient physiology and cell signalling mechanisms. Our overarching aim is to better understand how algae sense and respond to their environment.
Research Group: Algal Microbiome and Ecophysiology
Laura Branscombe
PhD Student
Laura Branscombe
PhD Student
laubra@mba.ac.uk
I started my research journey at the University of Plymouth in 2013 with an undergraduate degree in Marine Biology. It was during my undergraduate studies that I fell in love with marine microbiology and decided to pursue a Master’s degree in Microbiology at Universität Oldenburg in Germany. In 2019, I returned to Plymouth to undertake my PhD at the MBA and University of Plymouth. My PhD research focuses on characterising antagonistic diatom-bacteria interactions through a combination of laboratory and field-based approaches. Taking advantage of the MBA’s unique access to the highly productive Western English Channel (WEC), I am investigating the diversity and abundance of diatom-antagonistic bacteria at an ecosystem scale. Furthermore, using a range of bloom-forming diatom species alongside a library of diatom antagonists isolated from the WEC, I am working to understand the molecular mechanisms that underpin these ecologically relevant interactions.
Isobel Cole
PhD Student
Isobel Cole
PhD Student
isocol@mba.ac.uk
Dr Ellen Harrison
Postdoctoral Researcher
Dr Ellen Harrison
Postdoctoral Researcher
ellhar@mba.ac.uk
Currently, my research focuses on how marine phytoplankton sense and respond to nutrient levels in their environment. I recently completed my PhD which investigated how algae-bacterial cocultures could be used to supply vitamin B12 to astronauts on long space missions. This was part of a wider collaboration, the MELiSSA project, or Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative project that aims to provide all the basic life support necessary for long-distance space exploration.
Yasmin Meeda
PhD Researcher
Yasmin Meeda
PhD Researcher
yasmee@mba.ac.uk
I am a marine molecular microbiologist who studies the fundamental biology of microalgae called diatoms. Diatoms are important drivers of primary productivity within ocean systems and I work to understand how they sense and respond to their environment.
I have received a degree in Biological Sciences at the University of Brighton, a Master of Research from the University of Plymouth and I am currently pursuing a PhD at the University of Exeter and the Marine Biological Association.
I also run an Instagram page @marinebiologywithyaz where I debunk myths about being a marine biologist and provide useful tips and tricks on life as a scientist.
Dr Trupti Prakash Gaikwad
Cell and Molecular Research Technician
Dr Trupti Prakash Gaikwad
Cell and Molecular Research Technician
trugai@mba.ac.uk
I joined the Marine Biological Association in October 2019. I am responsible for working with Dr Glen Wheeler with research projects – with help of molecular techniques I develop transgenic lines to understand the physiology of diatoms ( specifically Calcium signalling and redox signalling). My second responsibility is as Laboratory Manager for the Microscopy suites. Here I train and guide new staff and students on high spectral microscopes which involves super resolution confocal microscopes, Laser-capture microdissection and several other microscopes. I also maintain all ERC cultures in the laboratory. I am winner of Asian Women of Achievement Science Award 2020.
Dr Susie Wharam
Molecular Biology Technician
Dr Susie Wharam
Molecular Biology Technician
suswha@mba.ac.uk
